Credit Card
Characteristics
Credit cards are a fact of life for most adults. They offer
convenience (shop online or pay at the pump), safety (avoid carrying large
amounts of cash), ease of travel (most hotels and car rental companies require
credit cards), and leverage (charges can be reversed or disputed if a vendor is
unsatisfactory). In addition, some cards feature reward programs in which
cardholders can earn travel, merchandise, and other benefits for spending
money.
Types of Cards
When evaluating credit card offers, it's helpful to
understand the many types of cards available and choose the ones that work best
with your lifestyle.
Gift Credit Cards These are
prepaid credit cards that make nice presents and work just like regular
cards (except that you don't get a bill each month!). They can be
store-specific or general (like those from Visa or AmEx). Gift credit
cards can't always be used online; check before giving one. The cards cost
money--service fees, maintenance charges, etc. They may also expire, so
don't let them sit around.
General Credit Cards These are the
MasterCard and Visa cards. Most of them allow you to carry a balance, but
if you pay it in full each month you can avoid paying interest on your
charges.
Gas Credit Cards These new cards
come in two forms: general cards that offer rebates on gas purchases, or
those from oil companies. Some gas stations charge those with general
credit cards extra to cover processing fees, which can wipe out the
savings from the rebates. Using an oil company card eliminates the credit
card surcharge and often gets you a rebate as well.
Secured Credit Cards Offered to
those with bad credit or no credit. Since you need a card to rent a car,
reserve a hotel, or shop online, it can really cramp your lifestyle if you
can't get one. Secured credit cards require that you deposit a sum of
money and the card company keeps it as collateral for your loan. By paying
on time, you can build a credit history and eventually qualify for a
regular card.
Student Credit Cards These are
offered to students who typically have little or no credit history. Expect
a low credit limit and a fairly high interest rate, because these cards
can be risky for the lenders. Sometimes, a parent co-signs for the card,
which can get you a lower rate. However, parents should be cautious about
this because it can negatively affect their own credit rating if the
student misses payments.
Debit Cards These credit card
lookalikes are attached to a bank account and can be used as ATM cards to
make purchases. Your purchasing power, however, doesn't extend beyond your
bank balance. Debit cards are more vulnerable to credit card fraud and
don't help you build a credit history.
Whatever card you choose, remember that credit cards are for
convenience; they don't allow you to infinitely spend more than you earn. You
can best take advantage of the safety, convenience, and rewards programs of
credit cards by avoiding overspending, being careful of credit card fraud, and
managing your credit card debt wisely.